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UTILIDAD DE LOS NIVELES DE ALFA FETOPROTEINA Y DE GONADOTROFINA CORIONICA HUMANA DURANTE EL SEGUNDO TRIMESTRE DEL EMBARAZO (especial para SIIC © Derechos reservados) |
| Los embarazos que cursan con una elevación de la alfa fetoproteína sérica materna y de la gonadotrofina coriónica humana sérica materna sin causa aparente presentan un riesgo más alto de complicaciones gestacionales (restricción del crecimiento intrauterino, muerte fetal intrauterina, preeclampsia) como consecuencia de la insuficiencia placentaria. |
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Autor: Georgios Androutsopoulos Columnista Experta de SIIC Institución: University of Patras Medical School Artículos publicados por Georgios Androutsopoulos |
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Recepción del artículo 20 de agosto, 2011 |
Aprobación 1 de septiembre, 2011 |
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Primera edición 5 de marzo, 2012 |
Segunda edición, ampliada y corregida 29 de junio, 2012 |
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ResumenLos niveles maternos de alfa fetoproteína (AFP) y gonadotrofina coriónica humana (hCG) durante el segundo trimestre del embarazo se han asociado con mal pronóstico fetal en ausencia de aneuploidías o defectos del tubo neural. Se presume que la concentración de AFP en el suero materno por encima de 2.5 MoM en el segundo trimestre representa una alteración de la placentación y se asocia con mayor riesgo de complicaciones en la fase final de la gestación (pérdida fetal tardía, hipertensión gestacional, preeclampsia, restricción de crecimiento intrauterino, parto prematuro y sufrimiento fetal). Los niveles maternos de hCG mayores de 2.5 MoM en el segundo trimestre se relacionan con las mismas complicaciones tardías. La elevación combinada de los dos parámetros sugiere una forma más compleja de enfermedad placentaria y se asocian en forma más acentuada con pérdida fetal tardía, hipertensión gestacional, preeclampsia, restricción de crecimiento intrauterino, parto prematuro y sufrimiento fetal. La sola determinación de la AFP, la hCG o ambas no permite detectar a todas las embarazadas con alto riesgo de complicaciones gestacionales. Las pruebas multiparamétricas de la función placentaria en el segundo trimestre (niveles maternos de AFP y hCG, ecografía Doppler de arterias uterinas, morfología placentaria) permite identificar a las mujeres con un incremento del riesgo de insuficiencia placentaria grave y complicaciones del embarazo.
Palabras clavemarcadores séricos maternos, AFP, hCG, mal pronóstico gestacional Clasificación en siicsalud Artículos originales > Expertos del Mundo > página www.siicsalud.com/des/expertocompleto.php/ Especialidades 
Principal: Diagnóstico por Laboratorio,
Obstetricia y Ginecología
Relacionadas: Bioquímica,
Medicina Familiar,
Medicina Reproductiva
Enviar correspondencia a:G Androutsopoulos, University of Patras Medical School Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, 15343, Patras, Grecia
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