PREVENCION DE LA TRANSMISION DEL HIV DE LA MADRE AL NIÑO: EXPERIENCIA TAILANDESA




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PREVENCION DE LA TRANSMISION DEL HIV DE LA MADRE AL NIÑO: EXPERIENCIA TAILANDESA

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En Tailandia, para la prevención de la transmisión vertical del HIV, el ministerio de Salud Pública recomienda la administración de zidovudina más una única dosis de nevirapina, mientras que la Cruz Roja tailandesa sugiere la implementación de terapia antirretroviral de gran actividad.
pancha9.jpg Autor:
Pancharoen, Chitsanu
Columnista Experto de SIIC

Institución:
Departments of Pediatrics Faculty of Medicine Chulalongkorn University Bangkok, Thailand


Artículos publicados por Pancharoen, Chitsanu
Coautores
Jintanat Ananworanich, MD.*  Usa Thisyakorn, MD.** 
The HIV Netherlands Australia Thailand Research Collaboration and The Thai Red Cross AIDS Research Center, Bangkok, Tailandia*
Infectious Disease Unit, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Tailandia**
Recepción del artículo
30 de Agosto, 2004
Aprobación
10 de Septiembre, 2004
Primera edición
20 de Abril, 2005
Segunda edición, ampliada y corregida
7 de Junio, 2021

Resumen
Hay 40 millones de personas en el mundo con HIV/sida, de los cuales dos tercios viven en Africa y un quinto en Asia. En los países en vías de desarrollo el número de mujeres con infección por HIV sobrepasa a los hombres. Cada año, dos millones de mujeres infectadas por HIV dan a luz y 630 000 lactantes contraen la infección. Los procedimientos más importantes para evitar la transmisión vertical del HIV-1 comprenden: el asesoramiento, la realización de pruebas para la detección del HIV, la planificación familiar, la atención obstétrica, el uso de agentes antirretrovirales y evitar el amamantamiento. En Tailandia, el ministerio de Salud Pública recomienda la administración de zidovudina más una única dosis de nevirapina, mientras que la Cruz Roja tailandesa sugiere la implementación de terapia antirretroviral de gran actividad. Tailandia se dirige hacia la instrumentación de un programa nacional sobre transmisión vertical del HIV para brindar atención integral a largo plazo para toda la familia. La resistencia a las drogas, especialmente a dosis únicas de nevirapina puede limitar su uso futuro en mujeres expuestas. La elección de la mejor estrategia constituye un proceso evolutivo que debe seguirse de cerca de acuerdo con la infraestructura y los recursos de cada región.

Palabras clave
HIV, sida, transmisión perinatal, agentes antirretrovirales, Tailandia


Artículo completo

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Abstract
There are 40 million people in the world living with HIV/AIDS, two-thirds in Africa and one-fifth in Asia. In the developing world, the number of women with HIV infection is surpassing men. Each year, two million HIV-infected women give birth and 630 000 infants contract HIV. Important procedures to prevent perinatal HIV-1 transmission include counseling, HIV testing, family planning, obstetric care, antiretroviral agents, and avoidance of breastfeeding. In Thailand, the Ministry of Public Health recommends zidovudine plus single dose of nevirapine while the Thai Red Cross recommends highly active antiretroviral therapy. Thailand is moving towards the implementation of a nationwide MTCT plus program to provide long-term comprehensive care for the whole family. Drug resistance especially to single dose nevirapine may limit its future use in exposed women. Choosing the best strategy is an evolving process that must be tailored to each setting’s infrastructure and resources.

Key words
HIV, AIDS, perinatal transmission, ARV, Thailand


Full text
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para suscriptores/ assinantes

Clasificación en siicsalud
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Especialidades
Principal: Infectología, Obstetricia y Ginecología, Pediatría
Relacionadas: Atención Primaria, Epidemiología, Infectología, Medicina Interna, Obstetricia y Ginecología, Pediatría, Salud Pública



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Bibliografía del artículo
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