DIAGNOSTICO E EPIDEMIOLOGIA MOLECULAR DO VIRUS DA HEPATITE A

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Nesta revisão, o desenvolvimento de métodos de biologia molecular para o estudo desta virose, tanto para fins de diagnóstico como para estudos de epidemiologia molecular são discutidos.
Autor:
Vanessa Salete De Paula
Columnista Experto de SIIC

Institución:
Fundação Oswaldo Cruz


Artículos publicados por Vanessa Salete De Paula
Recepción del artículo
27 de Julio, 2006
Aprobación
9 de Noviembre, 2006
Primera edición
26 de Abril, 2007
Segunda edición, ampliada y corregida
7 de Junio, 2021

Resumen
Dados epidemiológicos, sorológicos e moleculares permitem um melhor conhecimento da circulação do HAV na população e podem contribuir para o controle desta doença. Nesta revisão, o desenvolvimento de métodos de biologia molecular para o estudo desta virose, tanto para fins de diagnóstico como para estudos de epidemiologia molecular são discutidos. Quatro métodos diferentes de extração do RNA do HAV foram comparados. A partir da padronização do RT-PCR, foi realizada a detecção do RNA do HAV em amostras de soro de casos de hepatite sem o marcador anti-HAV IgM para definir o diagnóstico precoce de hepatite A na fase pré-soroconversão e esclarecer de casos de hepatite sem etiologia conhecida. O seqüenciamento nucleotídico de isolados de HAV mostrou que a maioria das cepas brasileiras é classificada no genotipo I, com co-circulação dos subgenótipos IA e IB, também mostramos um caso de infecção mista descrito pela primeira vez na literatura. Para facilitar a genotipagem de isolados de HAV, padronizamos a técnica de "heteroduplex mobility assay" o que simplificou nosso trabalho com a mesma eficiência. A detecção do RNA do HAV como ferramenta diagnóstica possibilitou também a identificação de casos de co-infecção de hepatite A em pacientes portadores de hepatite C.

Palabras clave
Hepatite A, diagnóstico molecular, PCR, genotipagem


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Especialidades
Principal: Diagnóstico por Laboratorio
Relacionadas: Bioquímica, Epidemiología, Infectología, Medicina Interna, Salud Pública



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Enviar correspondencia a:
Vanessa S. de Paula, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Av. Brasil 4365, Manguinhos, FIOCRUZ - IOC Pavilhão Rocha Lima, Departamento de Virologia 5º andar, Río de Janeiro, Brasil
Patrocinio y reconocimiento:
Os procedimentos foram feitos de acordo aos padrões éticos de experimentação em seres humanos da Declaração de Helsinque e aprovados pelo comitê de ética da Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Agradecimentos: Ao CNPq e a FAPERJ pelo financiamento dos projetos, a Dra. Ana Maria Coimbra Gaspar, ao Dr. Christian Niel e a Dra. Livia Melo Villar pela orientação e colaboração nos projetos de pesquisa.
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