ELEVADA PREVALENCIA DE INFECCION POR <I>HELICOBACTER PYLORI </I>EN EL LINFOMA MALT GASTRICO





ELEVADA PREVALENCIA DE INFECCION POR HELICOBACTER PYLORI EN EL LINFOMA MALT GASTRICO

(especial para SIIC © Derechos reservados)
La prevalencia de la infección por H. pylori en pacientes con linfoma MALT gástrico parece depender del número y tipo de técnicas diagnósticas utilizadas para detectar la infección, del grado histológico y de la profundidad de la invasión tumoral.
Autor:
Laura M. Asenjo
Columnista Experto de SIIC

Institución:
Hospital Universitario de la Princesa de Madrid


Artículos publicados por Laura M. Asenjo
Coautor
Javier P. Gisbert* 
Hospital Universitario de la Princesa de Madrid, Madrid, España*
Recepción del artículo
16 de Julio, 2008
Aprobación
20 de Agosto, 2008
Primera edición
26 de Febrero, 2009
Segunda edición, ampliada y corregida
7 de Junio, 2021

Resumen
Objetivo: Realizar una revisión sistemática de los estudios que evalúan la prevalencia de Helicobacter pylori en los pacientes con linfoma MALT, así como analizar los factores de los que depende. Métodos: Se efectuó una búsqueda bibliográfica en Pubmed y se seleccionaron los artículos en los que se estudiaba la prevalencia de H. pylori en pacientes con linfoma MALT. Resultados: Se identificaron 38 estudios que incluían un total de 1 844 pacientes. La prevalencia media global de infección por H. pylori fue del 79%. En pacientes en los que se utilizaron dos o más métodos para el diagnóstico de H. pylori la prevalencia fue del 85%, frente al 77% cuando se empleó un método diagnóstico (p < 0.0001). La prevalencia de H. pylori en pacientes diagnosticados mediante histología fue del 75% frente al 85% cuando se utilizó serología (p < 0.0001). La prevalencia de H. pylori en los linfomas MALT de alto grado fue del 60%, frente al 79% en los de bajo grado (p < 0.0001). Se detectó la infección en el 74% de los linfomas MALT confinados a la submucosa, y sólo en el 44% de aquellos que sobrepasaban la submucosa (p < 0.0001). Conclusiones: La prevalencia de la infección por H. pylori en pacientes con linfoma MALT gástrico parece depender del número y tipo de técnicas diagnósticas utilizadas para detectar la infección, del grado histológico y de la profundidad de la invasión tumoral. Si se utilizan los métodos diagnósticos adecuados y si se consideran únicamente los linfomas de bajo grado la prevalencia de infección por H. pylori es muy elevada, cercana al 90%.

Palabras clave
linfoma, MALT, Helicobacter pylori, tejido linfoide asociado a mucosas


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Abstract
Objective: To perform a systematic review of the studies that evaluate Helicobacter pylori prevalence in patients with MALT lymphoma, as to analyze the predictive factors of response. Methods: A bibliografic search in Pubmed has been done selecting the articles that studied H. pylori prevalence in patients with MALT lymphoma. Results: 38 studies were identified, including 1 844 patients. The average prevalence of H. pylori infection was 79%. In patients diagnosed of H. pylori infection with 2 or more methods the prevalence was 85%, whereas 77% when only one diagnosis method was performed (p < 0.0001). The H. pylori prevalence in patients diagnosed with histology was 75%, whereas 85% when serology was used (p < 0.0001). The H. pylori prevalence in high grade lymphomas was 60% and 79% in low grade lymphomas (p < 0.0001). H. pylori infection was detected in 74% of lymphomas confined to the submucosa, but only 44% of these which deeper submucosa (p < 0.0001). Conclusions: The H. pylori prevalence in patients with MALT lymphoma is variable, which seem to depend, at least partly, on the number and the type of diagnosis methods used to detect the infection, on the histologic grade and the deep tumoral invasion. If the adequate diagnosis methods are performed and if only low grade lymphomas are considered, the H. pylori prevalence is high, nearly 90%, which reinforces the role paper of these bacteria in gastric MALT lymphoma.

Key words
lymphoma, MALT, Helicobacter pylori, mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue


Clasificación en siicsalud
Artículos originales > Expertos de Iberoamérica >
página   www.siicsalud.com/des/expertocompleto.php/

Especialidades
Principal: Gastroenterología, Hematología
Relacionadas: Anatomía Patológica, Diagnóstico por Laboratorio, Educación Médica, Epidemiología, Infectología, Medicina Interna, Oncología



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Enviar correspondencia a:
Javier P. Gisbert, Hospital Universitario de la Princesa de Madrid Servicio de Aparato Digestivo, CIBERehd, 28669, Playa de Mojácar 29. Urb. Bonanza, Madrid, España
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