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DESTACAN LAS PROBABLES PROPIEDADES TERAPEUTICAS DE LA ESPIRULINA (especial para SIIC © Derechos reservados) |
| Se presentan los probables efectos beneficiosos del suplemento nutricional con las algas cianofíceas del género Spirulina, en términos de su actividad antialérgica, antitumoral y antiviral en los seres humanos. |
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Autor: Cemal Cingi Columnista Experto de SIIC Institución: Eskisehir Osmangazi University Artículos publicados por Cemal Cingi |
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Coautor Ibrahim Sayin* Medical doctor, Eskisehir Osmangazi University, Eskisehir, Turquía* |
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Recepción del artículo 13 de Octubre, 2010 |
Aprobación 22 de Marzo, 2011 |
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Primera edición 21 de Junio, 2011 |
Segunda edición, ampliada y corregida 29 de Junio, 2012 |
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La espirulina es un alga verdeazulada (cianobacteria) que ha sido consumida por los seres humanos durante cientos de años en la región Kanem de Chad y en las regiones lacustres de México. Actualmente se comercializa en todo el mundo como alimento terapéutico. Su potencial como tratamiento de varias enfermedades se encuentra en evaluación. El consumo mundial de espirulina ha clarificado tanto sus potenciales efectos adversos como sus acciones beneficiosas. En este artículo se presenta un breve resumen del uso de la espirulina en el área de la salud. espirulina, efectos adversos, inmunidad, rinitis alérgica, alergia, nutrición Clasificación en siicsalud Artículos originales > Expertos del Mundo > página www.siicsalud.com/des/expertocompleto.php/ Especialidades Cemal Cingi, Eskisehir Osmangazi University Faculty of Medicine Department of Otorhinolaryngology, 26020, Sumer Mah. Kar Sokak 10/3, Eskisehir, Turquía
2. Ciferri O. Spirulina, the edible microorganism. Microbiol Rev. 1983 Dec;47(4):551-78. 3. Chamorro G, Salazar M, Favila L, Bourges H. Pharmacology and toxicology of Spirulina alga. Rev Invest Clin. 1996 Sep-Oct; 48(5):389-99. 4. Ismail MF, Ali DA, Fernando A, Abdraboh ME et al. Chemoprevention of rat liver toxicity and carcinogenesis by Spirulina. Int J Biol Sci. 2009 Jun 2;5(4):377-87. 5. Kulshreshtha A, Zacharia AJ, Jarouliya U, Bhadauriya P, Prasad GB, Bisen PS. Spirulina in health care management. Curr Pharm Biotechnol. 2008 Oct;9(5):400-5. 6. Mazo VK, Gmoshinski? IV, Zilova IS. Microalgae Spirulina in human nutrition. Vopr Pitan. 2004;73(1):45-53 7. Rasool M, Sabina EP. Appraisal of immunomodulatory potential of Spirulina fusiformis: an in vivo and in vitro study. J Nat Med. 2009 Apr;63(2):169-75. 8. Torres-Duran PV, Ferreira-Hermosillo A, Juarez-Oropeza MA. Antihyperlipemic and antihypertensive effects of Spirulina maxima in an open sample of Mexican population: a preliminary report. Lipids Health Dis. 2007 Nov 26;6:33. 9. Karkos PD, Leong SC, Arya AK, Papouliakos SM, Apostolidou MT (2006) Issing WJ'Complementary ENT': a systematic review of commonly used supplements. J Laryngol Otol 24:1-4. 10. Simpore J, Kabore F, Zongo F et al. Nutrition rehabilitation of undernourished children utilizing Spiruline and Misola. Nutr J. 2006 Jan 23;5:3. 11. Simpore J, Zongo F, Kabore F et al. Nutrition rehabilitation of HIV-infected and HIV-negative undernourished children utilizing spirulina. Ann Nutr Metab. 2005 Nov-Dec;49(6):373-80. Epub 2005 Oct 11. 12. Branger B, Cadudal JL, Delobel M et al. Spirulina as a food supplement in case of infant malnutrition in Burkina-Faso. Arch Pediatr. 2003 May;10(5):424-31. 13. Yamani E, Kaba-Mebri J, Mouala C, Gresenguet G, Rey JL. Use of spirulina supplement for nutritional management of HIV-infected patients: study in Bangui, Central African Republic. Med Trop (Mars). 2009 Feb;69(1):66-70. 14. Nagaoka S, Shimizu K, Kaneko H et al. A novel protein C-phycocyanin plays a crucial role in the hypocholesterolemic action of Spirulina platensis concentrate in rats. J Nutr. 2005 Oct;135(10):2425-30. 15. Parikh P, Mani U, Iyer U. Role of Spirulina in the Control of Glycemia and Lipidemia in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. J Med Food. 2001 Winter;4(4):193-199. 16. Lee EH, Park JE, Choi YJ, Huh KB, Kim WY.A randomized study to establish the effects of spirulina in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients. Nutr Res Pract. 2008 Winter;2(4):295-300. 17. Rodríguez-Hernández A, Blé-Castillo JL, Juárez-Oropeza MA, Díaz-Zagoya JC. Spirulina maxima prevents fatty liver formation in CD-1 male and female mice with experimental diabetes. Life Sci. 2001 Jul 20;69(9):1029-37. 18. McCarty MF, Barroso-Aranda J, Contreras F. NADPH oxidase mediates glucolipotoxicity-induced beta cell dysfunction--clinical implications. Med Hypotheses. 2010 Mar;74(3):596-600. 19. Rasool M, Sabina EP. Appraisal of immunomodulatory potential of Spirulina fusiformis: an in vivo and in vitro study. J Nat Med. 2009 Apr;63(2):169-75. 20. Chen LL, Zhang SF, Huang DN et al. Experimental study of spirulina platensis in treating allergic rhinitis in rats. Zhong Nan Da Xue Xue Bao Yi Xue Ban. 2005 Feb; 30(1):96-8. 21. Egorova EA, Gmoshinski? IV, Zorin SN, Mazo VK. Studies of immunomodulation caused by selenium-enriched phycocyanin. Vopr Pitan. 2006;75(2):19-21. 22. Trushina EN, Gladkikh O, Gadzhieva ZM, Mustafina OK, Pozdniakov AL. The influence of Spirulina and Selen-Spirulina on some indexes of rat's immune status. Vopr Pitan. 2007;76(2):21-5. 23. Qureshi MA, Garlich JD, Kidd MT. Dietary Spirulina platensis enhances humoral and cell-mediated immune functions in chickens. Immunopharmacol Immunotoxicol. 1996 Aug;18(3):465-76. 24. Hayashi T, Hayashi K, Maeda M, Kojima I. Calcium spirulan, an inhibitor of enveloped virus replication, from a blue-green alga Spirulina platensis. J Nat Prod. 1996 Jan;59(1):83-7. 25. Ayehunie S, Belay A, Baba TW, Ruprecht RM. Inhibition of HIV-1 replication by an aqueous extract of Spirulina platensis (Arthrospira platensis). J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr Hum Retrovirol. 1998 May 1;18(1):7-12. 26. Hernández-Corona A, Nieves I, Meckes M, Chamorro G, Barron BL. Antiviral activity of Spirulina maxima against herpes simplex virus type 2. Antiviral Res. 2002 Dec;56(3):279-85. 27. Lee JB, Srisomporn P, Hayashi K, Tanaka T, Sankawa U, Hayashi T. Effects of structural modification of calcium spirulan, a sulfated polysaccharide from Spirulina platensis, on antiviral activity. Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo). 2001 Jan;49(1):108-10. 28. Chen T, Wong YS, Zheng W.Induction of G1 cell cycle arrest and mitochondria-mediated apoptosis in MCF-7 human breast carcinoma cells by selenium-enriched Spirulina extract. Biomed Pharmacother. 2009 Oct 27. 29. Akao Y, Ebihara T, Masuda H et al. Enhancement of antitumor natural killer cell activation by orally administered Spirulina extract in mice. Cancer Sci. 2009 Aug;100(8):1494-501. 30. Roy KR, Arunasree KM, Reddy NP et al. Alteration of mitochondrial membrane potential by Spirulina platensis C-phycocyanin induces apoptosis in the doxorubicinresistant human hepatocellular-carcinoma cell line HepG2. Biotechnol Appl Biochem. 2007 Jul;47(Pt 3):159-67. 31. Subhashini J, Mahipal SV, Reddy MC, Mallikarjuna Reddy M, Rachamallu A, Reddanna P. Molecular mechanisms in C-Phycocyanin induced apoptosis in human chronic myeloid leukemia cell line-K562. Biochem Pharmacol. 2004 Aug 1;68(3):453-62. 32. Mohan IK, Khan M, Shobha JC et al. Protection against cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity by Spirulina in rats. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol. 2006 Dec;58(6):802-8. Epub 2006 Mar 22. 33. Khan M, Shobha JC, Mohan IK et al. Protective effect of Spirulina against doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity. Phytother Res. 2005 Dec;19(12):1030-7. 34. Mathew B, Sankaranarayanan R, Nair PP et al. Evaluation of chemoprevention of oral cancer with Spirulina fusiformis. Nutr Cancer. 1995;24(2):197-202. 35. Salazar M, Chamorro GA, Salazar S, Steele CE. Effect of Spirulina maxima consumption on reproduction and peri- and postnatal development in rats. Food Chem Toxicol. 1996 Apr;34(4):353-9. 36. Salazar M, Martínez E, Madrigal E, Ruiz LE, Chamorro GA.J Ethnopharmacol. 1998 Oct;62(3):235-41. Subchronic toxicity study in mice fed Spirulina maxima. 37. Mazokopakis EE, Karefilakis CM, Tsartsalis AN, Milkas AN, Ganotakis ES. Acute rhabdomyolysis caused by Spirulina (Arthrospira platensis). Phytomedicine. 2008 Jun;15(6-7):525-7. Epub 2008 Apr 22. 38. Kraigher O, Wohl Y, Gat A, Brenner S. A mixed immunoblistering disorder exhibiting features of bullous pemphigoid and pemphigus foliaceus associated with Spirulina algae intake. Int J Dermatol. 2008 Jan;47(1):61-3. 39. Iwasa M, Yamamoto M, Tanaka Y, Kaito M, Adachi Y. Spirulina-associated hepatotoxicity. Am J Gastroenterol. 2002 Dec;97(12):3212-3. 40. Lee AN, Werth VP.Activation of autoimmunity following use of immunostimulatory herbal supplements. Arch Dermatol. 2004 Jun;140(6):723-7. 41. Pablo J, Banack SA, Cox PA, Johnson TE, Papapetropoulos S, Bradley WG, Buck A, Mash DC. Cyanobacterial neurotoxin BMAA in ALS and Alzheimer's disease. Acta Neurol Scand. 2009 Oct;120(4):216-25. Epub 2009 Feb 26. |
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