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RADIACION Y HETEROGENEIDAD DE LA POBLACION COMO CAUSA DE NEOPLASIAS EN NIÑOS

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RADIACION Y HETEROGENEIDAD DE LA POBLACION COMO CAUSA DE NEOPLASIAS EN NIÑOS

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El grupo de casos de leucemia y linfomas no Hodgkin en Seascale es muy probable que se deba a la heterogeneidad de sus habitantes, si bien la irradiación preconcepcional paterna puede también desempeñar un papel.
dickinson9.jpg Autor:
H O Dickinson
Columnista Experto de SIIC
Artículos publicados por H O Dickinson
Coautor
Louise Parker PhD* 
North of England Children’s Cancer Research Unit. Paediatric and Lifecourse Epidemiology Research Group. Sir James Spence Institute of Child Health. University of Newcastle. Royal Victoria Infirmary*
Recepción del artículo
25 de Febrero, 2004 		Aprobación
4 de Marzo, 2004
Primera edición
10 de Marzo, 2005 		Segunda edición, ampliada y corregida
7 de Junio, 2021

RADIACION Y HETEROGENEIDAD DE LA POBLACION COMO CAUSA DE NEOPLASIAS EN NIÑOS

Resumen
Objetivo: La revisión de datos acerca de las asociaciones entre la heterogeneidad de la población, la irradiación preconcepcional paterna (IPP) y neoplasias infantiles entre los descendientes de trabajadores varones de la industria nuclear. Población y localización: Entre los 266 710 niños nacidos entre 1950 y 1991 en el condado de Cumbria, noroeste de Inglaterra, se produjeron 563 casos de neoplasias; 9 859 de esos niños, entre los que se detectaron 31 casos de neoplasias, tenían padres empleados como trabajadores en la instalación nuclear de Sellafield. Métodos: Estudios de cohorte, analizados con el empleo de modelos lineales generalizados, tomando en consideración las variables demográficas. Resultados: Encontramos asociación entre la heterogeneidad de la población y el riesgo de leucemia infantil y linfoma no Hodgkin; menor asociación entre el riesgo de presentar algunos tumores sólidos y la movilidad parental; una relación entre dosis y respuesta entre la IPP y el riesgo de leucemia y linfoma no Hodgkin que fue independiente de la heterogeneidad de la población, y falta de relación entre la IPP y el riesgo para los tumores sólidos. La heterogeneidad de la población podría ser la causa del exceso importante de casos de leucemia y linfomas no Hodgkin entre los jóvenes en el poblado de Seascale, adyacente a Sellafield. Los niños de los trabajadores de la industria nuclear tienen mayor riesgo de presentar tumores sólidos, que se explica por la movilidad parental. Conclusiones: Es muy probable que el grupo de casos de pacientes con leucemia y linfoma en Seascale sea debido a la heterogeneidad de la población, si bien también puede jugar un papel la IPP.

Palabras clave
Irradiación preconcepcional paterna, neoplasias infantiles, epidemiología, Sellafield


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RADIATION AND POPULATION MIXING IN THE AETIOLOGY OF CHILDREN’S CANCER

Abstract
Objective: To review the evidence for associations between population mixing, paternal preconceptional irradiation (PPI) and childhood cancer in offspring of male radiation workers. Population and setting: 266 710 children born during 1950-91 in the county of Cumbria, north west England, including 563 cancer cases; 9 859 of the children, including 31 cancer cases, had fathers employed as radiation workers at Sellafield nuclear installation. Methods: Cohort studies, analysed using generalised linear models, allowing for demographic variables. Results: We found (i) an association between population mixing and risk of childhood leukaemia and non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma, (ii) a weaker association between risk of some solid tumours and parental mobility, (iii) a dose-response relation between PPI and risk of leukaemia and non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma which was independent of population mixing, and (iv) no association between PPI and risk of solid tumours. Population mixing could account for the marked excess of leukaemia and lymphoma in young people in the village of Seascale, adjacent to Sellafield. Children of radiation workers had an increased risk of solid tumours, which was largely explained by parental mobility. Conclusions: The cluster of leukaemia and lymphoma in Seascale is likely to be largely due to population mixing, but PPI may also play a part.

Key words
Paternal preconceptional irradiation, childhood cancer, epidemiology, Sellafield


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Especialidades
Principal: Hematología, Medicina Nuclear
Relacionadas: Diagnóstico por Laboratorio, Genética Humana, Medicina Interna, Oncología, Salud Pública



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Patrocinio y reconocimiento:
Agradecemos al Dr. Trevor Dummer por dibujar el mapa.
Bibliografía del artículo
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