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COVID-19

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América Latina Investiga

Artículos recientes publicados por colecciones de revistas científicas biomédicas de América Latina.
La información se presenta en castellano, portugués o inglés, según fuera publicada por los editores o registrada en las bases de datos.
La mayoría de los artículos enlaza con los textos completos y gratuitos de las revistas.
Los trabajos fueron provistos por sus editores o seleccionados por SIIC en recursos documentarios de la región: Scielo, Lilacs, BVS, WHO Iris, Lis, PAHO Iris, SIIC Data Bases y otros.

Indications for accurate and appropriate use of personal protective equipment for healthcare professionals. A systematic review

Peccin, Maria Stella; Universidade Federal de São Paulo. Evidence-Based Health Program. Department of Human Movement Sciences. São Paulo. BR, Duarte, Márcio Luís; Universidade Federal de São Paulo. Evidence-Based Health Program. São Paulo. BR, Leer más

Imoto, Aline Mizusaki; Hospital das Forças Armadas. Escola Superior de Ciências da Saúde. Laboratory for Evidence-Based Healthcare. Brasília. BR, Taminato, Mônica; Universidade Federal de São Paulo. Escola Paulista de Enfermagem. São Paulo. BR, Saconato, Humberto; Universidade Federal de São Paulo. Discipline of Emergency and Evidence-Based Medicine. São Paulo. BR, Puga, Maria Eduarda; Universidade Federal de São Paulo. Evidence-Based Health Program. São Paulo. BR, Franco, Eduardo Signorini Bicas; Universidade Federal de São Paulo. Evidence-Based Health Program. São Paulo. BR, Camargo, Erika Barbosa; Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Escola de Governo em Saúde. Postgraduate Program on Public Health Policies. Brasília. BR, Gottems, Leila Bernarda Donato; Escola Superior em Ciências da Saúde. Laboratory for Evidence-Based Healthcare. Professional and Academic Masters Program. Brasília. BR, Atallah, Álvaro Nagib; Universidade Federal de São Paulo. Head of Evidence-Based Health Department. São Paulo. BR

Fuente científica: Säo Paulo med. j

Fecha de actualización: 4 Febrero, 2022

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: The speed of the spread of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has put enormous pressure on hospitals and other healthcare facilities. This, together with blockages in several countries, has hindered the availability and accessibility of the necessary personal protective equipment (PPE). OBJECTIVE: To identify, systematically evaluate and summarize the available scientific evidence on the efficacy, safety, safe use and reuse of PPE for healthcare professionals, for preventing severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. DESIGN AND SETTING: Systematic review of studies analyzing products for disinfecting and enabling reuse of PPE for coronavirus within the evidence-based health program of a federal university in São Paulo (SP), Brazil. METHODS: A systematic search of the relevant literature was conducted in the PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, CINAHL, SCOPUS, Web of Science and LILACS databases, for articles published up to November 30, 2020. RESULTS: Ten studies were selected. These analyzed the use of N95, surgical and cotton masks, face shields, flexible enclosures with plastic covers or polycarbonate intubation boxes and plastic curtains; and also PPE disinfection using several substances. CONCLUSION: Combined use of a face shield with a N95 mask proved to be superior to other associations for protecting healthcare workers. Some products are useful for disinfecting PPE, such as 70% ethanol, 0.1% sodium hypochlorite and a mixture of quaternary ammonium and H2O2, and hydrogen peroxide. Ultraviolet light and dry heat at 70 °C can be used to decontaminate N95 masks. REGISTRATION NUMBER: DOI: 10.17605/OSF.IO/4V5FD at the OPENSCIENCE Framework.

Palabras clave: COVID-19 [supplementary concept], Coronavirus infections, Disinfection, Face shield disinfection, Mask disinfection, Respiratory, SARS-CoV-2

Mental disorders among pregnant women during the COVID-19 pandemic. A cross-sectional study

Keskin, Deha Denizhan; Ordu University. Faculty of Medicine. Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology. Ordu. TR, Keskin, Seda; Ordu University. Faculty of Medicine. Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology. Ordu. TR, Leer más

Bostan, Sedat; Ordu University. Faculty of Health Sciences. Department of Health Management. Ordu. TR

Fuente científica: Säo Paulo med. j

Fecha de actualización: 4 Febrero, 2022

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Pregnancy is the most important event in women's lives and can lead to psychological lability. Several risk factors (such as disasters, events and pandemics) have been correlated with greater prevalence of mental disorders during pregnancy. OBJECTIVES: To research how pregnant women have been affected by the coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) pandemic process, in order to contribute to the limited literature. DESIGN AND SETTING: Cross-sectional survey study conducted at the Training and Research Hospital of the Faculty of Medicine, University of Ordu, Ordu, Turkey, from February 1 to March 1, 2021. METHODS: In total, 356 pregnant women were enrolled and completed the survey. Intention of going to hospital and the Beck anxiety, Beck depression, Beck hopelessness and Epworth sleepiness scales were applied to detect mental disorders. RESULTS: Among the participants, the anxiety, depression, hopelessness and sleepiness scores were 29.2%, 36.2%, 58.1% and 11.8%, respectively. The pregnant women stated that they avoided going to hospital in unnecessary situations by obeying the 'stay at home' calls, but also stated that they were afraid of the potential harmful effects of inadequate physician control. However, most of them stated that they would go to the hospital in emergencies. CONCLUSIONS: This paper illustrated the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on the mental health of pregnant women and emphasized their high rates of anxiety, depression, hopelessness and sleepiness. Since presence of mental disorders is indirectly related to poor pregnancy outcomes, preventive strategies should be developed, especially during this pandemic process.

Palabras clave: Anxiety, COVID-19, Coronavirus disease-19, Depression, Gestation, Hopelessness, Mental disorders, Pandemics, Pregnancy, Psychiatric disorders, Sleepiness

New challenges for lung transplantation in the era of COVID-19

Fernandes, Lucas Matos; Universidade de Sao Paulo. Faculdade de Medicina. Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP. Sao Paulo. BR, Pêgo-Fernandes, Paulo Manuel; Universidade de Sao Paulo. Faculdade de Medicina. Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP. São Paulo. BR

Fuente científica: Säo Paulo med. j

Fecha de actualización: 4 Febrero, 2022

A re-humanização
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Scorsolini-Comin, Fabio; Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto-SP. BR

Fuente científica: Rev. SPAGESP

Fecha de actualización: 4 Febrero, 2022

Academic perspectives and psychosocial aspects of final-year dental students during COVID-19 pandemic

Câmara-Souza, Mariana Barbosa; University of Campinas. Piracicaba Dental School. Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontology. Piracicaba. BR, Kim, Fabiana Han Na; University of Campinas. Piracicaba Dental School. Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontology. Piracicaba. BR, Leer más

Figueredo, Olívia Maria Costa de; University of Campinas. Piracicaba Dental School. Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontology. Piracicaba. BR, Rodrigues-Garcia, Renata Cunha Matheus; University of Campinas. Piracicaba Dental School. Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontology. Piracicaba. BR

Fuente científica: Braz. j. oral sci

Fecha de actualización: 4 Febrero, 2022

Aim: This cross-sectional observational study aimed to evaluate the influence of the Universities lockdown measures on academic perspectives and psychosocial aspects of Brazilian finalyear dental students. Methods: 268 undergraduate students regularly enrolled in a Dentistry course at public universities were asked about anxiety, depression, stress sensitivity, and their academic perspectives by using an online survey. The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) was used to measure anxiety and depression, while the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) evaluated stress levels. The academic perspective was evaluated by five affirmatives regarding possible difficulties that will be faced when school reopens and after graduation. The possible association between fear of having COVID-19 with psychosocial outcomes and COVID-19 association with academic perspectives were analyzed by ANOVA and chisquare tests, respectively, considering a significance level of 5%. Results: Considering possible associations between the fear of having COVID-19 and psychosocial aspects, significant values were found for anxiety (P = 0.018) and stress sensitivity (P = 0.002). Regarding students' academic perspectives, COVID-19 had significant impact on less opportunity to perform procedures (P = 0.023), additional expenses with personal protective equipment (P = 0.007), and concerns of consulting elderly people (P = 0.012). Conclusion: The COVID-19 pandemic led to increased psychological impairments and enlarged concerns with learning and biosecurity, which might impact academic perspectives. Thus, being aware of these apprehensions, university professors and staff can improve the clinical training of final-year dental students in an empathetic way

Palabras clave: Anxiety, Depression, Pandemics, Students, dental

Enfermedad de Kawasaki, enfermedad similar a Kawasaki y MIS-C asociado a COVID-19 en niños: revisión sistemática
Kawasaki disease, Kawasaki-like disease, and MIS-C associated with COVID-19 in children: systematic review

Barboza, Joshuan J.; Universidad Señor de Sipán. Unidad de Revisiones sistemáticas y Meta-análisis. Chiclayo. PE, Chambergo-Michilot, Diego; Tau-Relaped Group. Trujillo. PE, Leer más

Velasquez-Sotomayor, Mariana; Tau-Relaped Group. Trujillo. PE, Silva-Rengifo, Christian; Tau-Relaped Group. Trujillo. PE, Alarcon-Ruiz, Christoper A.; Universidad San Ignacio de Loyola. Unidad de Investigación para la Generación y Síntesis de Evidencias en Sa lud. Lima. PE, Rodriguez-Morales, Alfonso J.; Universidad Científica del Sur. Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud. Lima. PE, Malaga, German; Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia. Lima. PE, Pérez-Gaxiola, Giordano; Sinaloa Pediatric Hospital. Department for Evidence-based Medicine. Sina loa. MX

Fuente científica: Infectio

Fecha de actualización: 4 Febrero, 2022

Resumen Objetivo: Sintetizar las características epidemiológicas y clínicas de los niños de COVID-19 con EK, KLD y MIS-C. Métodos: Se realizó una búsqueda en 4 bases de datos y preprints hasta el 31 de Mayo del 2021. Se incluyeron reportes/series de caso que evaluaron las caracte rísticas clínicas del EK, KLD o MIS-C en pacientes pediátricos con COVID-19. Resultados: Se incluyeron 16 estudios (seis informes de casos y diez series de casos, 367 pacientes en total, 58 pacientes con EK, 87 con KLD y 290 pacientes con MIS-C); con edades entre los 6 meses y los 10 años, y el 62% eran mujeres. Se observó COVID-19 positivo en 75,2%. Respecto a EK, KLD y MIS-C, las características clínicas repor tadas fueron compatibles con los cuadros diagnósticos estandarizados en el contexto de COVID-19. La duración de la hospitalización fue de 5 a 14 días para EK y de 4,3 a 13 para MIS-C. Once pacientes con MIS-C (2,8%) necesitaron ECMO. Seis pacientes con MIS-C fueron reportados muertos. Ocho estudios reportaron pacientes en la UCI. Conclusiones: EK o KLD puede asociarse a COVID-19 en niños, y pueden complicarse con MIS-C. El tiempo de hospitalización es prolongado si se presenta EK o KLD asociado a COVID-19 en niños.

Abstract Objective: To synthesize the epidemiological and clinical characteristics of COVID-19 children with MIS-C, KLD and EK. Methods: Databases and preprints were searched until May 31, 2021. Reports/case series that evaluated the clinical features of EK, KLD, or MIS-C in pediatric patients with COVID-19 were included. Results: Sixteen studies were included (six case reports and ten case series, 367 patients total, 58 patients with EK, 87 with KLD, and 290 patients with MIS-C); with ages ranging from 6 months to 10 years, and 62% were female. Positive COVID-19 was observed in 75.2%. Regarding EK, KLD and MIS-C, the reported clinical characteristics were compatible with the standardized diagnostic pictures in the context of COVID-19. The duration of hospitalization was 5 to 14 days for EK and 4.3 to 13 for MIS-C. Eleven patients with MIS-C (2.8%) needed ECMO. Eleven patients with MIS-C (2.8%) needed ECMO. Six patients with MIS-C were reported dead. Eight studies reported patients in the ICU. Conclusions: Children with COVID-19 develop EK or KLD, and can be complicated by MIS-C. Prevention, diagnosis, and treatment measures are needed.

Palabras clave: COVID-19, COVID-19, Enfermedad de Kawasaki, Kawasaki diseases, Multisystemic inflammatory syndrome, Síndrome inflamatorio multisistémico

Efectos de la pandemia en muertes no COVID-19: Análisis en la provincia de Buenos Aires, Argentina, 2020
Effects of the pandemic on non-COVID-19 deaths: analysis in the province of Buenos Aires, Argentina, 2020

Pesci, Santiago; Ministerio de Salud de la Provincia de Buenos Aires, Argentina. Buenos Aires. AR, Wright, Ricardo; Ministerio de Salud de la Provincia de Buenos Aires, Argentina. Buenos Aires. AR, Leer más

Marín, Lupe; Ministerio de Salud de la Provincia de Buenos Aires, Argentina. Buenos Aires. AR, Bolzán, Andrés Guillermo; Ministerio de Salud de la Provincia de Buenos Aires, Argentina. Buenos Aires. AR, Bartel, Erica; Ministerio de Salud de la Provincia de Buenos Aires, Argentina. Buenos Aires. AR, Irassar, Juan Ignacio; Ministerio de Salud de la Provincia de Buenos Aires, Argentina. Buenos Aires. AR, Varela, Teresa; Ministerio de Salud de la Provincia de Buenos Aires, Argentina. Buenos Aires. AR, Kreplak, Nicolás; Ministerio de Salud de la Provincia de Buenos Aires, Argentina. Buenos Aires. AR, Ceriani, Leticia; Ministerio de Salud de la Provincia de Buenos Aires, Argentina. Buenos Aires. AR

Fuente científica: Rev. argent. salud pública

Fecha de actualización: 3 Febrero, 2022

INTRODUCCIÓN: El impacto de la pandemia por COVID-19 sobre la mortalidad abarca tanto sus efectos directos, las defunciones atribuidas al virus SARS-CoV-2, como indirectos sobre otras causas de muerte. "El objetivo del estudio fue determinar la variación sobre causas de muerte no COVID-19 en la provincia de Buenos Aires durante 2020. MÉTODOS: Se realizó un estudio descriptivo de base poblacional, utilizando fuentes secundarias. Se analizó la variación en la mortalidad por causas específicas codificadas según CIE-10, desagregadas a nivel de capítulo y grupos. Las variaciones entre las causas de muerte observadas y esperadas se compararon mediante el método de P-score respecto al quinquenio inmediato anterior (2015-2019). RESULTADOS: Todos los capítulos CIE-10 estudiados se ubican por debajo del promedio de la serie histórica. La mayor variación se registra en causas externas (-20,0%), enfermedades del sistema respiratorio (-9,1%), tumores (-8,1%), enfermedades nutricionales, endocrinas y metabólicas (-5,7%) y finalmente enfermedades del sistema circulatorio (-2,2%). DISCUSIÓN: Se observó la existencia de un reemplazo variable de otras causas de defunción por muertes COVID-19 durante 2020. El análisis de causas múltiples resultó de utilidad para reestimar, en el caso del grupo de influenza (gripe) y neumonías, la participación global de la COVID-19 en la cadena de eventos que contribuyeron al deceso.

Palabras clave: Argentina, COVID-19, Epidemiología, Provincia de Buenos Aires, Reemplazo de Causas de Defunción

Baja incidencia de cardiopatía clínicamente significativa en niños en edad escolar tras padecer COVID-19
The low incidence of clinically significant heart disease in school-age children following COVID-19

Powell, Adam W; Facultad de Medicina de la University of Cincinnati. Departamento de Pediatría. Cincinnati, Ohio. US, Statile, Christopher J; Facultad de Medicina de la University of Cincinnati. Departamento de Pediatría. Cincinnati, Ohio. US, Leer más

Madsen, Nicolas L; Facultad de Medicina de la University of Cincinnati. Departamento de Pediatría. Cincinnati, Ohio. US, Divanovic, Allison A; Facultad de Medicina de la University of Cincinnati. Departamento de Pediatría. Cincinnati, Ohio. US, Lang, Sean M; Facultad de Medicina de la University of Cincinnati. Departamento de Pediatría. Cincinnati, Ohio. US

Fuente científica: Arch. argent. pediatr

Fecha de actualización: 21 Enero, 2022

No es clara la carga de morbimortalidad de la lesión cardíaca clínicamente evidente secundaria a la enfermedad por coronavirus de 2019 (COVID-19) en los niños en edad escolar. A lo largo de 12 meses, en un importante hospital pediátrico académico en la región del medio oeste de Estados Unidos, hubo 1481 casos de COVID-19 sin hospitalización en niños en edad escolar por lo demás sanos, en quienes se hicieron 195 pruebas cardíacas. Si bien aparecieron hallazgos fortuitos, no se descubrió ninguna patología cardíaca relacionada con la COVID-19. Además, ~3 % de los niños solamente tuvieron síntomas cardíacos agudos que requirieron una evaluación por el área de cardiología pediátrica. Los niños que no fueron hospitalizados por COVID-19 tienen un riesgo muy bajo de desarrollar daño cardíaco clínicamente significativo y son más propensos a presentar hallazgos fortuitos.

The burden of clinically-apparent cardiac injury secondary to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in school-age children is unclear. Over 12 months at a large academic pediatric hospital in the Midwestern portion of the United States, there were 1481 COVID-19 positive non-hospitalized otherwise healthy schoolaged children with 195 having cardiac testing performed. While incidental findings occurred, no definitive COVID-19 related cardiac pathology was discovered. Additionally, only ~3 % of children had acute cardiac symptoms necessitating evaluation by pediatric cardiology. School-age children who were not hospitalized for COVID-19 have a very low risk of having clinically significant cardiac damage and are more likely to discover incidental findings.

Palabras clave: COVID-19 persistente, COVID-19, COVID-19, Cardiopatías, Hearth diseases, Post-acute COVID-19 syndrome, Secuelas, Sequelae

Conductas adolescentes durante el aislamiento social, preventivo y obligatorio en Argentina en el año 2020
Adolescent behaviors during the preventive and mandatory social isolation in Argentina in 2020

Mauriño, M. de los Ángeles; Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires. Servicio de Clínica Pediátrica. Sección de Adolescencia. Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires. AR, Eymann, Alfredo; Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires. Servicio de Clínica Pediátrica. Sección de Adolescencia. Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires. AR, Leer más

Santarsieri, Noelia; Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires. Servicio de Clínica Pediátrica. Sección de Adolescencia. Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires. AR, Vainman, Sara; Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires. Servicio de Clínica Pediátrica. Sección de Adolescencia. Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires. AR, Krauss, Mariana; Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires. Servicio de Clínica Pediátrica. Sección de Adolescencia. Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires. AR, Catsicaris, Cristina; Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires. Servicio de Clínica Pediátrica. Sección de Adolescencia. Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires. AR, Mulli, Valeria; Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires. Servicio de Clínica Pediátrica. Sección de Adolescencia. Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires. AR

Fuente científica: Arch. argent. pediatr

Fecha de actualización: 20 Enero, 2022

Introducción. En marzo de 2020 comenzó en Argentina el aislamiento social, preventivo y obligatorio (ASPO) debido a la pandemia por COVID-19. Objetivo. Explorar las conductas y hábitos de la población adolescente durante el ASPO y su grado de acatamiento. Población y métodos. Estudio cualicuantitativo de corte transversal en adolescentes de Argentina entre 12 y 20 años. Se envió un cuestionario semiestructurado anónimo durante las semanas epidemiológicas 34 a 36. Resultados. Se analizaron 1535 cuestionarios. La edad promedio fue 16 años, el 72 % de sexo femenino. El incumplimiento del ASPO durante los primeros 3 meses fue del 27 % frente el 59 % durante el último mes. El 73 % refirió un clima familiar bueno a excelente y el 87 % realizó actividades educativas. El tiempo promedio de pantallas sin fines educativos fue de 6,8 horas por día. El 70 % manifestó que no consumió drogas durante el último mes. Describieron como aspectos positivos: afianzar vínculos familiares (34 %) y descubrir o retomar actividades (20 %); y como negativos: malestares emocionales (23 %) y no ver a la familia o a los amigos (21 %). Conclusiones. La mayoría de los adolescentes mantuvo actividades educativas, estuvo un elevado tiempo en pantallas sin fines educativos y refirió un bajo consumo de drogas. El cumplimiento del ASPO fue decreciendo a lo largo del tiempo. Los principales aspectos positivos fueron afianzar vínculos familiares y descubrir o retomar actividades, y los negativos, malestares emocionales y no poder ver a la familia o a los amigos.

Introduction. In March 2020, Argentinaestablished a preventive and mandatory social isolation policy (ASPO, for its acronym inSpanish) due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Objective. To explore the behaviors and habits of the adolescent population during the ASPO and the extent of compliance. Population and methods. Qualitative andquantitative, cross sectional study in Argentine adolescents aged 12-20 years. An anonymous, semi-structured questionnaire was administeredduring epidemiological weeks 34 to 36. Results. A total of 1535 questionnaires wereanalyzed. Participants' average age was 16 years;72 % were females. Non-compliance with theASPO during the first 3 months was 27 % versus 59 % during the past month. A good to excellentfamily environment was described by 73 %, and 87 % performed educational activities. The averagenon-educational screen time was 6.8 hours perday. Seventy percent of participants said they did not use drugs in the past month. Positive aspects described included strengthening family bonds (34 %) and discovering or returning to activities (20 %); whereas negative aspects were emotional distress (23 %) and not being able to see family members or friends (21 %). Conclusions. Most adolescents maintainedtheir educational activities, spent a lot of noneducational screen time, and referred a lowdrug use. Adherence to the ASPO decreased progressively over time. The main positiveaspects were strengthening family bonds and discovering or returning to activities; whereas negative aspects were emotional distress and not being able to see family members or friends.

Palabras clave: Aabits, Adolescence, Adolescencia, COVID-19, COVID-19, Education, Escolaridad, Familia, Family, Hábitos

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