APO E: ¿UN CANDIDATO IMPORTANTE PARA LA INTERACCION ENTRE GENES Y NUTRIENTES

(especial para SIIC © Derechos reservados)
Aunque muchos evaluaron si las interacciones entre los distintos genotipos de la apolipoproteína E y la dieta podrían afectar los lípidos plasmáticos, este tema no está dilucidado. Hallazgos no uniformes indican que es prematuro sugerir estos genotipos para el diseño de dietas terapéuticas.
berg9.jpg Autor:
Berglund, Lars
Columnista Experto de SIIC

Institución:
Department of Medicine University of California, Davis UCD Medical Center California, USA


Artículos publicados por Berglund, Lars
Coautor
Guijing Lu* 
Department of Medicine, University of California Davis, Davis, USA. Department of Medicine, Xiangya Hospital of Xiangya Medical School, Central. South University, R. P. China*
Recepción del artículo
13 de Mayo, 2004
Aprobación
21 de Junio, 2004
Primera edición
23 de Febrero, 2005
Segunda edición, ampliada y corregida
7 de Junio, 2021

Resumen
La APOE (apolipoproteína E) tiene funciones clave en el metabolismo de las lipoproteínas, y el polimorfismo de su gen está asociado con los distintos patrones que se observan en estas apolipoproteinas. La posibilidad de que existan diferentes interacciones entre el gen de la apo E y los nutrientes fue evaluada en muchos estudios. Aunque los resultados en general no son uniformes, los indicios de tal interacción son más frecuentes en los estudios que se realizaron en condiciones que representaban exigencia metabólica. Se necesitan estudios directamente diseñados para dilucidar esta interacción entre el gen de la apoE y los nutrientes en forma concluyente, lo cual incrementará nuestro conocimiento de los mecanismos involucrados en el metabolismo lipídico y mejorará nuestra comprensión del papel que cumple la dieta en la reducción del riesgo de aterosclerosis.

Palabras clave
Apolipoproteína E, isoformas genéticas, metabolismo lipídico, aterosclerosis


Artículo completo

(castellano)
Extensión:  +/-15.12 páginas impresas en papel A4
Exclusivo para suscriptores/assinantes

Abstract
ApoE has key functions in lipoprotein metabolism, and polymorphisms in the apoE gene are associated with distinct lipoprotein patterns. The possibility of gene-nutrient interactions for apoE has been addressed in many studies. Although results have generally been mixed, indications of such an interaction have been more common in studies employing a metabolic challenge. Studies directly designed to conclusively resolve gene-nutrient interactions for apoE are needed and will increase our knowledge of the mechanisms involved in lipid metabolism and improve our understanding of the role of diet in reducing atherosclerosis risk.

Key words
Apolipoprotein E, atherosclerosis, genetics, lipoproteins, nutrition


Full text
(english)
para suscriptores/ assinantes

Clasificación en siicsalud
Artículos originales > Expertos del Mundo >
página   www.siicsalud.com/des/expertocompleto.php/

Especialidades
Principal: Endocrinología y Metabolismo, Genética Humana
Relacionadas: Bioquímica, Diagnóstico por Laboratorio, Gastroenterología, Medicina Interna, Nutrición



Comprar este artículo
Extensión: 15.12 páginas impresas en papel A4

file05.gif (1491 bytes) Artículos seleccionados para su compra



Enviar correspondencia a:
Berglund, Lars
Patrocinio y reconocimiento:
Agradecimientos. Agradecemos el apoyo del National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, subsidios HL62705 y HL65938.
Bibliografía del artículo
  1. Executive summary of the third report of the National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP) expert panel on detection, evaluation and treatment of high blood cholesterol in adults (Adult treatment panel III). JAMA 2001; 285: 2486-2497.
  2. Hooper L, Summerbell CD, Higgins JPT, et al. Dietary fat intake and prevention of cardiovascular disease: systematic review. BMJ 2001; 322: 757-763.
  3. Tall A, Welch C, Applebaum-Bowden D, Wassef M and the Working Group. Interaction of diet and genes in atherogenesis. Report of an NHLBI Working Group. Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol. 1997; 17: 3326-3331.
  4. Talmud PJ, Waterworth DM. In vivo and in-vitro nutrient-gene interactions. Curr. Opin. Lipidol. 2000; 11: 31-36.
  5. Ordovas JM, Schaefer EJ. Genes, variation of cholesterol and fat intake and serum lipids. Curr. Opin. Lipidol. 1999; 10: 15-22.
  6. Ordovas JM The genetics of serum lipid responsiveness to dietary interventions. Proc. Nutr. Soc. 1999; 58: 171-187.
  7. Mahley RW, Huang Y. Apolipoprotein E: from atherosclerosis to Alzheimer’s disease and beyond. Curr Opin. Lipidol. 1999; 10: 207-217.
  8. Mahley RW. Apolipoprotein E: cholesterol transport protein with expanding role in cell biology. Science 1988; 240: 622-630.
  9. Davignon J, Gregg RE, Sing CF. Apolipoprotein E polymorphism and atherosclerosis. Arterioscler. 1988; 8: 1-21.
  10. Weisgraber KH. Apolipoprotein E: structure-function relationships. Adv. Protein Chem. 1994; 45: 249-302.
  11. Zannis VI, Breslow JL. Human very low density lipoprotein apolipoprotein E isoprotein polymorphism is explained by genetic variation and post-translational modification. Biochemistry 1981; 20: 1033-1041.
  12. Utermann G, Langenbeck U, Beisiegel U, Weber W. Genetics of the apolipoprotein E system in man. Am. J. Hum. Genet. 1980; 32: 339-347.
  13. Mui S, Briggs M, Chung H et al. A newly identified polymorphism in the apolipoprotein E enhancer gene region is associated with Alzheimer’s disease and strongly with the epsilon 4 allele. Neurology 1996; 47: 196-201.
  14. Artiga MJ, Bullido MJ, Sastre I et al. Allelic polymorphisms in the transcriptional regulatory region of apolipoprotein E gene. FEBS Lett. 1998; 421: 105-108.
  15. Zekraoui L, Lagarde JP, Raisonnier A,et al. High frequency of the apolipoprotein E 4 allele in African pygmies and most of the African populations in Sub-Saharan Africa.. Human. Biology.1997;69:575-581.
  16. Valveny N,Esteban E,Kandil M,et al. APOE polymorphism in Spanish and Moroccan populations . Clin .Genet. 1997;51:354-356.
  17. Sandholzer C, Delport R,Vermaak H, et al. High frequency of the apo e4 allel in Khoi San from South Africa. Hum.Genet.1995;95:46-48.
  18. Sepehenia B,Kamboh MI,Adams-Campbell LL,et al,Genetic studies of human apolipoproteins.X.The effect of the apolipoprotein E polymorphism on quantitative levels of lipoproteins in Nigerian Blacks. Am.J.Hum.Genet. 1989;45:586-591.
  19. Hallman D M, Boerwinkle E, Saha N, et al. The apolipoprotein E polymorphism : a comparison of allele frequencies and effects in nine populations. Am.J.Hum.Genet.1991; 49: 338-349.
  20. Corbo RM, Scacchi R, Rickards O, et al. An investigation of human apolipoprotein B and E polymorphisms in two African populations from Ethiopia and Benin. Am.Hum.Biol.1999;11:297-304.
  21. Corbo RM, Scacchi R, Mureddu L, et al. Apolipoprotein E polymorphism in Italy investigated in native plasma by a simple polyacrylamide gel isoelectric Focusing technique. Comparison with frequency data of other European Populations. Ann.Hum.Genet.1995;59:197-209.
  22. Gajra B Candlish JK, Saha N, et al. Effect of apolipoprotein E variants on plasma lipids and apolipoproteins in the Orang Asli ('aborigines') of Malaysia. Hum. Hered.1994;44:209-213.
  23. Hong SH, Kang BY, Oh JH, et al. Genetic variations of the apo E-CI-CII cluster gene in Koreans. Clin. Biochem. 1997;30:215-219.
  24. Wu YN,Zhang JW, Zhang ZX, et al. An association analysis of apolipoprotein E genotypes with Alzheimer's disease in Chinese population. Zhongguo Yi Xue Ke Xue Yuan Xue Bao.2001;23:450-4.
  25. Kamboh MI,Crawford MH,Aston CE,et al. Population distributions of APOE, APOH, and APOA4 polymorphisms and their relationships with quantitative plasma lipid levels among the Evenki herders of Siberia. Hum. Biol. 1996;68:231-243.
  26. ScacchiR, Corbo RM, Rickards O, et al. Apolipoprotein B and E genetic polymorphisms in the Cayapa Indians of Ecuador. Hum. Biol. 1997;69:375-382
  27. Kamboh MI. Apolipoprotein E polymorphism and susceptibility to Alzheimer’s disease. Hum. Biol. 1995;67:195-215.
  28. Crews DE, Kamboh MI, Mancilha-Carvalho JJ, et al. Population genetics of apolipoprotein A-4, E, and H polymorphisms in Yanomami Indians of northwestern Brazil: associations with lipids, lipoproteins, and carbohydrate metabolism. Hum Biol. 1993;65:211-24.
  29. Wilson PWF, Schaefer EJ, Larson MG, Ordovas JM. Apolipoprotein E alleles and risk of coronary disease. A meta-analysis. Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol. 1996; 16: 1250-1255.
  30. Van Bockxmeer FM, Mamotte CD. Apolipoprotein 4 homozygosity in young men with coronary heart disease. Lancet 1992; 340: 879-880.
  31. Hixson JE and the Pathobiological determinants of atherosclerosis in youth (PDAY) research group. Apolipoprotein E polymorphisms affect atherosclerosis in young males. Arterioscler. Thromb. 1991; 11: 1237-1244.
  32. Havel RJ, Chao YS, Windler EE, et al. Isoprotein specificity in the hepatic uptake of apolipoprotein E and the pathogenesis of familial dysbetalipoproteinemia. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 1980; 77: 4349–4355.
  33. Ehnholm C, Mahley RW, Chappell DA, et al. Role of apolipoprotein E in the lipolytic conversion of ß-very low density lipoproteins to low densityLipoproteins in type III hyperlipoproteinemia. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 1984; 81: 5566–5570.
  34. Gregg RE, Zech LA, Schaefer EJ, et al. Abnormal in vivo metabolism of apolipoprotein E4 in humans. J. Clin. Invest. 1986; 78: 815–821.
  35. Frikke-Schmidt R, Nordestgaard BG, Agerholm-Larsen B et al. Context-dependent and invariant associations between lipids, lipoproteins, and apolipoproteins and apolipoprotein E genotype. J. Lipid Res. 2000; 41: 1812-1822.
  36. Frikke-Schmidt R. Context-dependent and invariant associations between APOE genotype and levels of lipoproteins and risk of ischemic heart disease: a review. Scand. J. Clin. Lab. Invest. 2000; 60 (Suppl. 233): 3-26.
  37. Gómez-Coronado D, Álvarez JJ, Entrala A, et al . Apolipoprotein E polymorphism in men and women from a Spanish population : allele frequencies and influence on plasma lipids and apolipoproteins. Atherosclerosis 1999;147:167-176.
  38. Pablos-Mendez A, Mayeux R, Ngai C et al. Association of apoE polymorphism with plasma lipid levels in a multiethnic elderly population. Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol. 1997; 17: 3534-3541.
  39. Isasi CR, Couch SC, Deckelbaum RJ, et al. The apolipoprotein e2 allele is associated with an anti-atherogenic lipoprotein profile in children: The Columbia University Biomarkers Study. Pediatrics 2000; 106: 568-575.
  40. Jarvik GP, Goode EL, Austin MA et al. Evidence that the apolipoprotein E-genotype effects on lipid levels can change with age in males: A longitudinal analysis. Am. J. Hum. Genet. 1997; 61: 171-181.
  41. Mahley RW, Pépin J, Erhan Paraolu K, et al. Low levels of high density lipoproteins in Turks, a population with elevated hepatic lipase: high density lipoprotein characterization and gender-specific effects of apolipoprotein E genotype. J. Lipid Res. 2000; 41: 1290-1301.
  42. Garces C, Benavente M, Lasuncion MA, et al. Gender-specific effects of apolipoprotein E genotype on plasma lipid levels in a population-based sample of 6-7-year-old children in Spain. Acta. Paediatr.2002; 91:1039-1043.
  43. Schwiegelsohn B, Presley JF, Gorecki M, et al. Effects of apoprotein E on intracellular metabolism of model triglyceride-rich particles are distinct from effects on cell particle uptake. J. Biol. Chem. 1995; 270: 1761-1769.
  44. Mensenkamp AR, Jong MC, van Goo H, et al. Apolipoprotein E participates in the regulation of very low density lipoprotein-triglyceride secretion by the liver. J. Biol. Chem. 1999; 274: 35711-35718.
  45. Huang Y, Ji Z-S, Brecht WJ, et al. Overexpression of apolipoprotein E3 in transgenic rabbits causes combined hyperlipidemia by stimulating hepatic VLDL production and impairing VLDL lipolysis. Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol. 1999; 19: 2952-2959.
  46. Katan MB, Beynen AC, de Vries JH et al. Existence of consistent hypo- and hyperresponders to dietary cholesterol in man. Am. J. Epidemiol. 1986;123:221-234.
  47. Lefevre M, Ginsberg HN, Kris-Etherton PM, et al. ApoE genotype does not predict lipid response to changes in dietary saturated fatty acids in a heterogeneous normolipidemic population. Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol. 1997; 17: 2914-2923.
  48. Weggemans RM. Zock PL, Ordovas JM, et al. Apoprotein E genotype and the response of serum cholesterol to dietary fat, cholesterol and cafestol. Atherosclerosis 2001; 154: 547-555.
  49. Loktionov A, Scollen S , McKeown N , Bingham S . Gene-nutrient interactions: dietary behaviour associated with high coronary heart disease risk particularly affects serum LDL cholesterol in apolipoprotein E 4-carrying free-living individuals. Br. J. Nutr. 2000; 84: 885-890.
  50. Routi T, Ronnemaa T, Salo P, et al. Effects of prospective ,randomized cholesterol-lowering dietary intervention and apolipoprotein E phenotype on serum lipoprotein(a) concentration of infants aged 7-24 mo. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 1996;63:386-391.
  51. Lapinleimu H, Viikari J, Ronnemaa T, et al. Apolipoprotein E polymorphism and serum lipids in a randomized, prospective trial of an infant diet with reduced saturated fat and cholesterol. Pediatrics 1996;98:757-762.
  52. Dreon DM, Femstrom HA, Miller B, et al. Apolipoprotein E isoform phenotype and LDL subclass response to a reduced fat diet. Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol. 1995;15:105–11.
  53. Erkkilä AT, Sarkkinen ES, Lindi V, et al. Apolipoprotein E polymorphism and hypertriglyceridemic effect of dietary sucrose. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 2001; 73: 746-752.
  54. Weintraub MS, Eisenberg S, Breslow JL. Dietary fat clearance in normal subjects is regulated by genetic variation in apolipoprotein E. J. Clin. Invest. 1987; 80: 1571-1577.
  55. Nikkilä M, Solakivi T, Lehtimäki T, et al. Postprandial plasma lipoprotein changes in relation to apolipoprotein E phenotypes and low density lipoprotein size in men with and without coronary artery disease. Atherosclerosis 1994; 106: 149-157.
  56. Reznik Y, Pousse P, Herrou M, et al. Postprandial lipoprotein metabolism in normotriglyceridemic non-insulin-dependent diabetic patients: Influence of apolipoprotein E polymorphism. Metabolism 1996; 45: 63-71.
  57. Orth M, Wahl S, Hanisch M, et al. Clearance of post-prandial lipoproteins in normolipemics: Role of the apolipoprotein E phenotype. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1996; 1303: 22-30.
  58. Fernandez-Miranda C, Cancelas P, Sanz M, et al. Influence of apolipoprotein-E phenotypes on postprandial lipoprotein metabolism after three different fat loads. Nutrition 2001; 17: 529-533.
  59. Dallongeville J, Lussier-Cacan S, Davignon J. Modulation of plasma triglyceride levels by apoE genotype: a meta-analysis. J. Lipid Res. 1992; 33: 447-454.
  60. Bergeron N, Havel RJ. Prolonged postprandial responses of lipids and apolipoproteins in triglyceride-rich lipoproteins of individuals expressing an apolipoprotein 4 allele. J. Clin. Invest. 1996; 97: 65-72.
  61. Dallongeville J, Tiret L, Visvikis S, et al. Effect of apo E phenotype on plasma postprandial triglyceride levels in young male adults with and without a family history of myocardial infarction: the EARS II study. Atherosclerosis 1999: 145: 381-388.
  62. Dart A, Sherrard B, Simpson H. Influence of apo E phenotype on postprandial triglyceride and glucose responses in subjects with and without coronary heart disease. Atherosclerosis 1997; 130: 161-170.
  63. Couch SC, Isasi CR, Karmally W, et al. Predictors of postprandial triacylglycerol response in children: the Columbia University Biomarkers Study. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 2000; 72: 1119-1127.
  64. Boerwinkle E, Brown S, Sharrett AR, et al. Apolipoprotein E polymorphism influences postprandial retinyl palmitate but not triglyceride concentrations. Am. J. Hum. Genet. 1994; 54: 341-360.
  65. Kobayashi J, Saito Y, Taira K, et al. Effect of apolipoprotein E3/4 phenotype on postprandial triglycerides and retinyl palmitate metabolism in plasma from hyperlipidemic subjects in Japan. Atherosclerosis 2001; 154; 539-546.
  66. Minihane AM, Khan S, Leigh-Firbank EC, et al. ApoE polymorphism and fish oil supplementation in subjects with an atherogenic lipoprotein phenotype. Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol. 2000; 20: 1990-1997.
  67. Dallongeville J, Tiret L, Visvikis S, et al. Effect of apo E phenotype on plasma postprandial triglyceride levels in young male adults with and without a familial history of myocardial infarction: the EARS II study. Aterosclerosis 1999;45:381-388.
  68. Gottlieb S, Fallavollita J, McDermont M, at al. Cigarette smoking and the age at onset of a first non-fatal myocardial infarction. Coron. Artery Dis. 1994;5:687-694.
  69. Zilversmit D.B. Atherogenesis: a postprandial phenomenon. Circulation 1979; 60:473-485.
  70. Mero N, Van Tol A, Scheek L.M, et al. Decreased postprandial high density lipoprotein cholesterol and apolipoproteins A-I and E in normolipidemic smoking men: relations with lipid transfer proteins and LCAT activities. J. Lipid. Res. 1998; 39: 1493–1502.
  71. Hannuksela M, Marcel YL, Kesaniemi YA,et al.Reduction in the concentration and activity of plasma cholesteryl ester transfer protein by alcohol. J. Lipid. Res.1992;33:737–744.
  72. Hirano K, Yamashita S, Sakai N, et al. Low-density lipoproteins in hyperalphalipoproteinemic heavy alcohol drinkers have reduced affinity for the low-density lipoprotein receptor. Clin. Biochem. 1992;25:357–362.
  73. Gueguen S, Herbeth B, Pirollet P, et al. Changes in Serum Apolipoprotein and Lipoprotein Profile After Alcohol Withdrawal: Effect of Apolipoprotein E Polymorphism. Alcohol Clin. Exp. Res. 2002;26:501-508.
  74. Corella D, Tucker K, Lahoz C, et al.Alcohol drinking determines the effect of the APOE locus on LDL-cholesterol concentrations in men: the Framingham Offspring Study. Am. J. Clin. Nutr.2001;73 : 736–745.
  75. Lussier-Cacan S, Bolduc A, Xhignesse M, et al.Impact of Alcohol Intake on Measures of Lipid Metabolism Depends on Context Defined by Gender, Body Mass Index, Cigarette Smoking, and Apolipoprotein E Genotype. Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol. 2002; 22: 824-831.
  76. Carmena-Ramon R, Real JT, Ascaso JF, et al. Effect of apolipoprotein E genotype on lipid levels and response to diet in familial hypercholesterolemia. Nutr. Metab. Cardiovasc. Dis. 2000; 10: 7-13.

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Está expresamente prohibida la redistribución y la redifusión de todo o parte de los contenidos de la Sociedad Iberoamericana de Información Científica (SIIC) S.A. sin previo y expreso consentimiento de SIIC.
ua31618
Inicio/Home

Copyright siicsalud © 1997-2024 ISSN siicsalud: 1667-9008